V u*15P^^^"^"™5 Harlequin Duck Surveys in Western Montana: 1994 A Report to: USDA Forest Service Kootenai National Forest 506 U.S. Highway 2 West Libby, MT 59923 1 Submitted by JAMES D. REICHEL and DAVID L. CENTER ' . ^ Montana Natural Heritage Prograni 1'515 East Sixth Avenue - Helena, Montana 59620 'January 1995 598.41 NllHDS 1995 1 ^ftf IL.ofl.U '■ Montana State Library 3 0864 1004 7138 5 ox aanssi axvo tV:.' .'C -;; u: C •• : :■-'■' 1} .;■ : kl e 1995 Montana Natural Heritage Program This document should be cited as follows: Reichel, J.D. and D.L. Center. 1995. Harlequin Duck surveys in western Montana: 1994. Montana Natural Heritage Program. Helena, MT. vii + 57 pp. U ABSTRACT Breeding pair surveys for Harlequin Ducks were done on 242 km of 1 8 streams during May and June, 1994; a total of 57 Harlequins (32 males, 25 females) were seen on 9 streams. Brood surveys were done on 245 km of 14 streams during July and August, 1994; a total of 82 Harlequins (15 females, 67 young in 15 broods) were seen on 8 streams. Harlequins were reported on 2 additional streams. Reproductive success, on streams surveyed both for pairs and broods, averaged 0.33 broods per female. Average brood size at or near fledging (Class III) was 4.00. Breeding was confirmed on Grave Creek (Fortine) for the first time in 1994; 4 adult ducks were seen on Swift Creek, more than previously reported. We found ducks on Sullivan Creek in 1994, where they were not found during 1993. No birds were seen during pair (May) or brood (August) surveys on Big Creek (Koocanusa), which had Harlequins in 1990, nor on a brood survey of the North Fork of the Blackfoot River, where ducks were seen in 1993. We continued banding Harlequin Ducks in the Flathead and Clark Fork drainages. Thirty- five Harlequins (7 adult males, 7 adult females, and 19 juveniles) were marked on 7 streams. This brings the total number of Harlequin Ducks banded in Montana since 1991 to 194: 29 adult males, 41 adult females, and 122 juveniles. We observed 1 1 birds previously marked as adults on streams. Additionally, we found 9 adult females marked as juveniles in 1992 on the streams where they were seen in 1994. The banding program, while small in scale for waterfowl, is providing a significant tool for local monitoring and identifying coastal areas where Montana breeding birds molt and winter. Two noteworthy movements were detected in 1994: a male marked on McDonald Creek, Glacier National Park, on 6 May 1993, was captured on Hornby Island, along the southeast coast iii ■^! :'j ;■-•.-(.■:. . --^'A • " -. :. li/^rj 5(-iiy.-vKi ■"i'. r / ! ;,- \'i '■' ■' -^^^ jtK. •' .-I «. ■ '■' -,-j'' i' Jt:-i "V! • 1,' . S' ■' i ''.)■ h' ' ■ I' i' -.1 " Sb'! 'I; of Vancouver Island, British Columbia on 5 August 1993 and again on 4 August 1994. On 1 1 August 1994 a male, marked as a juvenile on McDonald Creek exactly two years earlier, was captured at Shelter Point on the coast south of the Campbell River, on Vancouver Island, B.C. .'■':'!!'» < .1. ' .. 1.1. v^- IV .1L:>\^ ■■^i-i'..! ■' M. ' -''t • •;.! .:-c ..;.!■• .^tfc::i fc ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We thank Bob Summerfield at the Kootenai National Forest Supervisor's Office for his help throughout the study. We were assisted with field work by Chad Castren. Additional help, location of possible trapping sites, and other logistical support was provided by J. Ashley, J. Davies, R. Galloway, C.E. Hidy, T. Hidy, W. Johnson, E. Pfalzer, and other Forest Service and Park Service personnel. M. Beer and C. Jones assisted with element occurrence and map preparation. Financial support for the project came from the Kootenai National Forest (U.S. Forest Service, Northern Region) and the Montana Natural Heritage Program (Natural Resource Information System and The Nature Conservancy). This report presents valuable information on the life history, productivity, movements and site fidelity the of Harlequin Duck. Efforts began in 1987 and have expanded to the present scope, representing the longest ongoing study of breeding Harlequin Ducks that we are aware of in North America. While the funding has been modest at best, the results have already been implemented for management of the species and its habitat. Funding for the past two years has dwindled to only two or three sources. The continued operation of efforts to survey, mark, and monitor Harlequin Ducks is dependent on additional funding and a broader base of contributors. Please contact the Natural Heritage Program office if you or your organization is able to participate in supporting this work. iAit*;<-:iyi vi' 'b f ' ,,, ■w;/'"?t.) ' i 1 , ^-■•A :.. ■ .:\f^ :•! •:> ' •.: .)a{>i 1-. o ^rii, y*- . .V--i V \': '\\ , i ''bin ■'■. ^ -'i-:h r ^ , \ ./ ' -- ',«:. J.lf ;r^ ,. »./ ?ii.. (" :.■ _. :j.':- i'i;:.;1 •.,^' -'j tTKflS.'i' iiiJiiU-'i'^ ilC i.> ii.T'l.. : vi! * 'iJiu'i-'-' -" 'S'l^i;' i: • / » , .-> i fu .<; ■ : fi^'V- i»''''.; ^'''^J !-,'jj7'::.'-mi-i '0 y;' ) ,- Ui .,! ':. J'' iSi i, .■ <• I'i,"! if .'Av\ -.M . •? ■•3' >~: :>;% ^ < '{\y\^7i^ ■■, i-.-M. ■•■'.\-K i "'a.j ■■■•■ ■.. 'ai;"'..nir' ' '. '■•?.>^?:" 'k '<':i:^':^j..jj •! .Jsia,; n TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS v LIST OF TABLES vii LIST OF FIGURES vii INTRODUCTION 1 METHODS AND MATERIALS 4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 5 Surveys 5 Kootenai National Forest 5 Flathead National Forest 5 Helena and Lolo National Forests 6 Stillwater State Forest 6 Breeding Chronology 8 Reproduction 8 Capture and Marking 9 Relocation of Marked Birds 10 Movements II MANAGEMENT RECOMMENDATIONS AND RESEARCH NEEDS 16 LITERATURE CITED 19 APPENDICES 22 Appendix A. Streams surveyed for Harlequin Ducks in 1 994 23 Appendix B. Miscellaneous reports of Harlequin Ducks during 1994 26 Appendix C. Data forms 27 Appendix D. List of Harlequin Ducks marked in 1 994 or marked in previous years and sighted in 1994 33 Marten Creek, Kootenai National Forest 33 Vermilion River, Kootenai National Forest 36 Rock Creek, Kootenai National Forest 38 Gravie Creek, Kootenai National Forest 39 Trail Creek, Flathead National Forest 40 Spotted Bear River, Flathead National Forest 41 Sullivan Creek, Flathead National Forest 42 Glacier National Park 43 Appendix E. Element Occurrence Records from 1994 Surveys 44 vi . , ?!.; i.K ;/-.j.:i* ■\^.' >;-:/. .; ' .-V '■''■! ■i-'l iW)l. '■ -■ ' J r' it.' ' ' >!J /, LIST OF TABLES Table 1. Harlequin Duck reproduction in 1994 for streams with both pair and brood (at fledging) information 12 Table 2. Harlequin Duck reproductive parameters 1988-1994 13 Table 3. Summary of harlequin ducks marked in 1994 14 Table 4. Sightings and recaptures in Montana of aduh Harlequins marked in Montana 1991-1993 and adult females marked in spring 1 994 15 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1 . Harlequin Duck Breeding Locations in Montana 7 • rt- ■ %■' .. ,. •: «■.«* Vll ''^''•' :v -•;,;.ji''- .■ ■ .5. . > ■/* I : »■, '"> . .''£ ' U. "v(i ■ ;..> ,.->( INTRODUCTION . ., .. .-j^,^ , The Harlequin Duck {Histrionicus histrionicus) is a small sea duck, which travels inland to breed on freshwater streams. The male is strikingly colored with black and white spots and crescents, and chestnut sides on a deep cobalt blue background. The female is dull brown with three white spots on the face. Harlequins breed in western North America from Alaska and the Yukon south through western Montana to California (Cassirer et al. 1993); in eastern North America they breed form Baffin Island south to eastern Quebec and Labrador (Goudie 1 993). In the f " « • ■ Palaearctic they breed in Iceland, Greenland and Siberia (A.O.U. 1983). Approximately 1 10 pairs of Harlequins currently breed in Montana (Center 1993), with most located in the following areas: 1) tributaries of the lower Clark Fork River; 2) tributaries of the North, Middle, and South Forks of the Flathead River; 3) streams coming off the east front of the Rocky Moimtains; and 4) the Boulder River (Miller 1988, 1989; Kerr 1989; Carlson 1990; Fairman and Miller 1990; - Diamond and Finnegan 1992, 1993; Reichel and Center 1993, 1994). '•- - . > During the breeding season Harlequins are found along fast mountain sfreams (Bengtson 1966). In many areas Harlequins use streams with dense timber or shrubs on the banks (Cassirer and Groves 1990), but they are also found in relatively open streams along the east slopes of the Rocky Mountains, Montana (Markum and Center 1990, Diamond and Fiimegan 1992) and the Arctic tundra (Bengtson 1972). In Idaho, 90% of observations occurred near old growth or mature timber stands (Cassirer and Groves 1990). Mid-stream rocks, logs, islands, or sfream- side gravel bars serve as safe loafing sites and appear to be important habitat components. Most of the ducks arrive on their inland breeding areas in mid-April to early-May; unmated males typically arrive before pairs (Kuchel 1977). The males return to the coast shortly after the females begin incubation; most are gone by early July (Kuchel 1977). The females and < V 1 young remain on the streams until August or early September. This chronology is influenced by elevation and the timing of spring runoff and may vary up to several weeks between years. ■■ - The U.S. Forest Service, Region 1, lists the Harlequin Duck as Sensitive (Reel at al. 1989). The species is listed as a Species of Special Concern by the Montana (Montana Natural Heritage Program 1994) and Idaho (Idaho Conservation Data Center 1994) Nattxral Heritage Programs. The eastern North American population is listed as endangered in Canada (Goudie 1993); both eastern and western populations are listed under Category 2 as a candidate for listing under the Endangered Species Act by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (U.S. Department of Interior 1991). j' - ■// ,, r v'^ ; - ,:•-. ?f^r .: ' The Montana Natural Heritage Program began surveying Harlequin Ducks in 1988. The survey data gave rise to questions involving site fidelity, productivity and mortality. Individual marking of birds began to a limited extent in 1991 and through 1993 a total of 159 Harlequins (13 adult males, 14 adult females, 41 juveniles) were marked on 7 streams. During that time we observed 20 previously marked adults returning to Montana streams. Six movements detected in 1 993 were of interest. A male marked on McDonald Creek, Glacier National Park, on 6 May 1993, was captured on Hornby Island, along the southeast coast of Vancouver Island, British Columbia on 5 August 1993. This was the first record of a bird marked in Montana being relocated on the coast. On 14-15 March 1994 three Harlequins were observed on Hornby Island, all marked as juveniles in 1992 and 1993 on McDonald Creek. Local movements of birds, heretofore undocumented, include two marked females foimd on different streams in 1993 than where they were originally marked in 1992. Stream mouths were separated by 6 and 17 km respectively, across a reservoir and lake (Ashley 1994a, Reichel and Genter 1994). Long term goals include: 1) developing a baseline status report of current and historic Harlequin populations in Montana; 2) gathering information on site fidelity, reproduction and mortality to allow estimations of what constitutes viable Harlequin populations; 3) developing surveying protocols for actual and potential Harlequin streams; 4) developing management guidelines for maintaining and restoring Harlequin populations and habitat; and 5) identify coastal areas where Harlequins from the Northern Rockies occur. Goals for 1994 included: 1) surveying additional streams for presence and status of Harlequins; 2) gathering productivity data on some primary Harlequin streams; and 3) marking as many individuals as possible on selected streams for long-term monitoring. i:. ■■ ' t.^,\ '•i',-- -'i^ :'• <; . I on ■t:.,: i),. METHODS AND MATERIALS Harlequin Ducks were surveyed on parts of the Kootenai, Flathead, Helena, and Lolo National Forests and the Stillwater State Forest during May-August 1994 (see Fig. 1). Data sheets are shown in Appendix C. We also marked birds in Glacier National Park; surveys there were conducted primarily by Park Service personnel (Ashley 1994a, 1994b). Most surveys were conducted by walking the stream channel (when possible) or stream bank. In most cases the surveyor walked upstream, giving more time to observe the bird before it moved out of sight. Some larger streams were surveyed partially or completely by kayak. Dates, locations, distance surveyed, and general characteristics of the stream reaches surveyed were recorded; any Harlequins sighted were noted with location, numbers, ages, and sex of birds present and habitat at the site. For streams in the Flathead and Clark Fork drainages, we attempted to capture and mark all birds seen, when a licensed, qualified bird-bander was present on the survey (Reichel or Center). Captured birds were identified to sex and age, weighed, measured (wing cord and tail), marked, and released. Except in Glacier National Park, all birds were marked with numbered USFWS aluminum leg bands and colored nasal discs, individually recognizable by shape and color combinations (see Appendix D). Birds in Glacier National Park were banded with a USFWS aluminum band and a unique combination of 3 plastic, colored leg bands; the upper leg bands were the narrow plastic-coated-wire band type. r'.n C 'v^ .i .a'i ■ , • ; : ' ■ ; , t >.;' .e\' ■ .,1 1i I ■ " -. f '■ ,Vt • 'U'-''\'-^'^aI: .:- ? ^■./ -1- ;■■■; ."vi -J. ir.X' ■•I'll ■>■>■■ "■< ^'i;-' ').- t:>':VO'i'" *1".-V.' O;'"--- J ^■'-.■.- -^va;-- =ti)'-]-- ■ r ••isj.," •'^: Uu:i' ■- >!,: 'U^ -r'hj->- 'y-f: : % .-... . -itf.- "/x ■■•' !--•>•'] ■•; ir .^t ■ 1 r," , " '"1, -r, -.fT ■:'uijnj.'* i;'^ «'0;j<- bM-.''^iiJ .n.jinO U 4 .■• '■( / .'0 ."■ Lh kv-' > ■ .' . ." ;-i -h •<; ,!? -^b. "1 j; /-(b: ?! • X H 1 S . "'<■: .. ■Vb-J./'-'.-A-. is-',' ' /^.r\;:y' ' t .- : '■; •0 i?T:--!-/ ^ ''O- ■<. ?v ,,C jy 'r ;.n; -» "-nl I'O ^^ A Xll^ ■C J '^ . : 'uj ; '. , '^5i ";;5^V''' -Js.! . V/S -" '•• ^u'tr ■■/. .1. Av. , .^. !„ iO- «*■ •". :,■:> i /• '. . -iv 'X-. ►•'to mA vC v{not;s i^t'*cv:(bi-!t'.^ t^zu'v ^v:j ru;i» L i6 A ;■ 3r.»>J :U . I.; /»;!,•;>? 'ji^l .\:,u-v\^- n\ 'vx^t l m n _> < ' r:-f if I. .Ji:^, i .. .- s (■A x" ...'i.^l .,c ^-.-W-'. . ,1»,'-1 ,« ■ -,:-ti-u ,^' irui .'o »;;ids;ia-ir,. £'o V '>:i.. rr>fcy'riy... v i^i'^LfA Brood surveys were conducted along 133 km of 6 streams during July - August 1994 (Appendix A). A minimum of 66 different Harlequin Ducks were observed on 5 streams (Appendix A &, D). These included: 1) Little Salmon River (1 ?, 1 brood of 7 young); 2) Spotted Bear River (2 ? , 2 broods of 4 and 5 young plus 3 birds which were probably a? with a brood of 2), and 3) Sullivan Creek (2?, 2 broods of 5 and 7 young); 4) Trail Creek (2?, 2 broods of 3 and 1 young; at least one of the females was a different individual than seen in the spring coimt); and 5) White River (4?, 4 broods of 1, 6, 6, and 7 young). This is by far the highest reproduction recorded in the South Fork Flathead River drainage. Helena and Lolo National Forests. Brood surveys were conducted along 38 km of 3 streams during July 1994 (Appendix A). No Harlequin Ducks were observed on any stream (Appendix A), including the North Fork of the Blackfoot River (Lolo NF) where they have been observed in at least one of the past five years. However, we did have a report of a pair at a nest on the North Fork Blackfoot (Appendix B). We got the report in mid- July, too late to check on it. However, it seems unlikely that both a male and female would be present at the nest site. Stillwater State Forest. Pair surveys were conducted along 40 km of 3 streams in May and June 1994 Appendix A). A mirumum of 4 different Harlequin Ducks (3 ?, Id") were observed on Swift Creek (Appendix A & D). A single brood survey of 1 8 km on Swift Creek was made in August 1994, but no harlequins were seen (Appendix A). i'i) ... I ;ti^^.;.-: :-. :''':,'!'^r''u; ■■'"'■ i-v iivynviin /'■ •. '. i -b ':'' -'ti;:' •:'7ilS'^ ' ■ tfifi ,! ..;;;1: ;, ■ i. _ V ;.■ . *'}u o ' -;ji*< '•'/ •.^l,Ml ' « f- ^ /■: „;•:•/• '■■. •■"u: L-y ■[! ;;*.:/'/. /„ \'i.- • 'oc.,'- i)":oi--^"; /i'K .(^H .-■^ !, .f. : ••:(' '>. '»: 0, : A' via ;.\n vji' n ii 'Oftr' . J: ',:,, 1 i-ri -In :■ . .s- cif-^vf. 'S^- C' A /■■ ^■ij^ ,^-,..,i ^ -.J,- £;.';_il ^. ,, I I : ,ii I III l^ltV^Uft^VfV- .//. /y (.r «. .d >(auQ niuK-"»<' 'oR ^Tiy^l^j^, »9id fi .>9 ■j kis.-^AM •flumoM Figure 1. Harlequin Ducic Breeding Locations in Montana ■■ National Forests ® Point locations of breeding ducks ^^ Stream segments with breeding ducks 0 20 40 V/////////A 60 80 =D Miles Montana Natural Heritage Program, 4/24/95 Breeding Chronology ,,.ii..f • : ' Breeding was early again this year, probably due to rapid spring runoff in May. As a result, many females apparently began incubation by mid-May. All young were nearly or completely fledged by the end of July on the Lower Clark Fork and North Fork Flathead drainages and 6 August on the South Fork Flathead drainages. This may have caused us to miss some broods on streams in both the lower Clark Fork drainage and Trail Creek. However, very low reproduction on Logan Creek this year, and high reproduction on the South Fork Flathead drainages make evaluation of this situation questionable. Reproduction /'' Harlequins were present this year on at least 1 1 streams in the study area (not including Glacier National Park) and adult females or broods were seen on 8 of those streams. A minimum of 35 adult females were present. Late- July to early- August brood size on all streams averaged 4.00 (n= 1 0). This was higher than in 1 992 (3 .27) or 1 993 (2.8 1 ). Most broods were seen in Class III or fledged stages of development (Bellrose 1976:27), and we made no adjustment for age of broods in our calculation of mean brood size. We identified 30 individual females on streams during spring and summer surveys. In addition, 5 females were identified during summer surveys where no spring surveys were conducted. Of 30 potential broods on streams surveyed both in spring for pairs and summer for broods, a minimum of 10 broods were produced for a 33% success rate of broods per adult female (Table 1). From 1989 to 1994 (Table 2), the success rate averaged 44.8% (range = 24- 55%; n = 230 pairs on 35 streams). In 1994, the differences in numbers of young produced between the South Fork Flathead drainage (50) and other drainages (17 plus ?? in Glacier 0 National Park) were large. Annual differences in success rates from 1989-1992 were primarily associated with the amount and timing of runoff. High runoff, particularly in June-early July, and runoff in years with "double peaks" caused lower reproductive success. This was particularly evident in 1991 (Reichel and Center 1994) the only year where runoff exceeded 20,000 cfs and when production was lowest (24%). The changes in reproductive success were primarily due to changes in numbers of broods per pair, not changes in the size of successful broods. This indicated that differences in mortality were due to events that affected entire clutches or very young broods during that time period. This pattern was not evident in the 1994 season. The runoff was not particularly high, nor did it have a pronounced double peak. There were no obvious differences between runoff patterns on the South Fork Flathead drainages vs Middle Fork, North Fork, or Lower Clark Fork where success rates were very low. While rates are not statistically comparable because pair counts were not on 2 of 4 South Fork drainage streams surveyed for broods, differences appeared large in both number of broods and brood sizes. It seems apparent that our understanding of factors contributing to the success or failui2 of harlequin reproduction is still far from complete. Capture and Marking We continued to make progress during the third year of the juvenile Harlequin Duck site fidelity and survival study. A total of 19 juvenile birds from 5 drainages were captured and marked (Table 3, Appendix D). Seven adult males and 7 adult females were also marked in 1994 (Table 3, Appendix D). This is a lower number than 1992 or 1993 due to a combination of: 1) low reproduction on many streams, 2) many adults present were marked in previous years, and 3) difficulty capturing some broods. Relocation of Marked Birds .5^' ' Table 4 lists when and where adults were marked and relocated, and if other ducks were present at the time; this does not include birds from Glacier National Park which are reported by Ashley (1994a, 1994b). One additional marked female was seen on the Spotted Bear River, but the markers not seen well enough to identify the individual. Of 6 adult birds marked in 1991 with nasal markers, 5 have been seen in subsequent years; however, 2 males not seen in 1992 were relocated in 1993, and 1 male not seen either in 1992 or 1993 was recaptured in 1994; at least 3 of the 6 were still alive in 1994. Of 1 1 adult birds marked with nasal discs in 1992, 6 were relocated in 1993 and 2 in 1994. Of 13 adult birds marked in 1993, 6 were relocated in 1994. Preliminarily, these numbers seem low; data will be fully analyzed when more data becomes available following the 1995 season. ." '^ '■•^ '*':}£'• A total of 62 juveniles were marked in 1 992, 40 in Glacier National Park, 4 on Trail Creek, 7 on the Spotted Bear River, and 1 1 on Marten Creek. Young birds are thought to spend their first summer on the ocean, migrating to the breeding grounds as two-year-olds. Nine two- year-olds were seen in 1994, 8 females on McDonald Creek (Ashley 1994b) and 1 female on Trail Creek. All were on their natal streams, and only the female on Trail Creek successfully raised young. -■■'■- - "-^ ' ^ ^•''- - -- r, . In Grand Teton National Park, of all birds marked as juveniles only females have returned to the park (Rick Wallen, pers. comm.), and 2 females of 5 juveniles banded in Glacier National Park in 1974 returned in 1976 (Kuchel 1977). The evidence is mounting that only females return to their natal streams, while males go elsewhere to breed. This makes sense from an evolutionary perspective, reducing the chances of inbreeding and its associated problems. We do not know, however, if most or all females return to their natal streams. 10 Movements Two movements of note were detected in 1994. Two Harlequins marked on McDonald Creek, Glacier National Park were recaptured or relocated along the southeastern coast of Vancouver Island in August 1994. On 1 1 August 1994 a male (765-27577), marked as juvenile exactly two years earlier, was captured at Shelter Point on the coast south of the Cambell River. The bird was molting but appeared healthy and the following measurements were taken: weight: 620 g; wing: 115 mm; tarsus: 37.1 mm; culmen (ml): 27.4 mm; Molt 2b. One white plastic leg band was missing and the two original color bands remaining were faded and removed. Green plastic band with white alpha-numeric 7G was placed on the right leg (metal band remained on left). On 6 August 1994, a male (755-76063), marked as an adult male 7 May 1993, was captured at Heron Rocks, Hornby Island, Straits of Georgia; this male was captured at the same location 4 Aug 1993 (Reichel and Center 1994). The bird appeared healthy and the following measurements were taken: weight: 640 g; wing: 115 mm; tarsus: 37.8 mm; culmen (ml): 27.6 mm; Molt 2a. The orange plastic leg band on the right leg was missing, while the metal band on that leg, and the green and orange bands on the left leg, remained in place. - f! •!. T, :, ,•! ' ' ■b'f^ ! fl« u '"*'?? '^■'> ^- ' ii*(-|t '■-'.;:: ■'■■ ' •'51 :^- . - :! Tj '?«>or: ,•"'. 11 Table 1. Harlequin Duck reproduction in 1994 for streams with both pair and brood (at fledging) information. Stream #Adult9g JiBroods ^Young North Fork Flathead Drainage Big Creek Trail Creek 1 A. 0 0 4 Drainage Total 0.40 Broods per adult female 0.8 0 Young per adult female 2.00 Young per brood ■5 Lower Clark Fork Drainage Marten Creek Rock Creek Vermilion River 5 4 _2_ 0 1 0 3 Drainage Total 0.18 Broods per adult female 0.82 Young per adult female 4.50 Young per brood 11 Other Grave Creek Spotted Bear River Sullivan Creek Swift Creek 5 3 2 1 3 2 JL 4 11 12 _a 27 Other Total 0.43 Broods per adult female 1.93 Young per adult female 4.50 Young per brood 14 GRAND TOTAL 0.3 3 Broods per adult female 1.3 3 Young per adult female 4.00 Young per brood 30 10 40 12 :;:--vu b-nt- ..#.,5- 'J"«,f..fe 3 'i. C jt *' : I f.r^i-^ P' ! •'/£ ■ <:/.;! Table 2. Harlequin Duck reproductive parameters 1988-1994. # adult - # # broods per young per young per Year females broods voung ad. female ad. female brood 1989 13 7 41 54% 3.15 5.86 1990* 31 17 65 55% 2.10 3.82 1991* 37 9 31 24% 0.84 3.44 1992* 71 39 132 55% 1.37 3.38 1993 48 21 59 44% 1.23 2.81 1994 30 10 40 33% 1.33 4.00 Total 230 103 368 Mean 44.8% 1.60 3.57 * includes data from the Rocky Mountain Front (Diamond and Finnegan 1992, 1993) 13 » - ■ ■-■>•,•. r--.; : „.. ■ '3 *., frj- ^ -A'.-' ''i 01* ..- r,^0 il ;.j ,p •-: f.j^.b Table 3. Summary of harlequin ducks marked in 1994. Location Male Female Juv. Total McDonald Creek, Glacier NP 1 2 14 Trail Creek, Flathead Co. 1 3 4 Grave Creek, Lincoln Co. 14 5 Sullivan Creek, Flathead Co. , 6 6 Vermilion River, Sanders Co. 5 5 Marten Creek, Sanders Co. 3 1 4 Rock Creek. Sanders Co. 2. 2 5 TOTAL 7 7 19 33 14 _It. 1*- n ;i ■ ://.:i/^ii- <:' ■ ■' iitu ■8 8: D ■D ro I 8: c "8 L. i 3 8" XI 8; 8: c c c c c c c QJ Q> ft> CJ Ci QJ 4J O QJ 01 Ul (0 Vl (/I (fl U> CA l\J C C CM O ro o . "b "b "b -b O O "^ "Nk *>. "^s. C C 3 3 2 2 15 o; V » o o 3 C C c c c II 01 01 01 01 01 Ul Ul lA o o o c c c ■b ^ 01 01 0> U « 01 01 VJ « lA W c c Sp 01 0) t; 0> 01 o b ♦-» *j "b "b ^ O O ^H ^^ 3 C C 3 2 ^ ^ -^ ^ 3 3 3 3 3 c C c c 01 0) 01 01 01 01 01 « « M (A 4-» ^-f 4-* 4-1 o o o o c c c c c c c c V 01 0> 01 01 01 01 01 M u (A Ul 4-* 4^ ♦* 4> o o o o c c c c ^ ^ M M ro 4-* *^ m ^ o o ^* 3 c c 3 c c c c c OJ 01 01 01 01 01 01 0> a Ul (A (A (A Ul c c o 4-* 4-« 4-* *J 4^ o o o o o a c c c c c a c c c >»• o; OJ OJ r^ OJ OJ OJ o Ul Ul lA OJ c ^s 4-» t> Ot- 4-* o O Of o ^ ^ o o — ' **N C 3 3 c c "in (0 3 o ro [O r^ -o S. O LTt o >o N- o IC!C ru rg ■b "b ■>* >v 2 2 Of Of Of Of Of Of Of — Jr >o o r^ ^- ^ m m ^ -ininoooofO - i»f\j(\ir«-h«.r^N.o ^*^ (- ^mmiAinmiAin f- (Q^o^ininu^mrM NO O 00 N- in m m m iTt m ir\ in F- N. f^ S. <\J f\J (M (M Of Of ^ ^ •^ 's^ "^^ '^ 3 2 2 2 ^^■b-b-b-b-b-b inoN-oo«— in>ooo inininLnmooo f\if\J(MC\if\JN.N-N. inmininmmmin Of Of Of Of 1? o t^ :e rj -o in (>~ OJ m « ^•"^S o» r^ in o> - . . 01 o o o >; >I ~ <- o ro ro o o> o> o lie OJ 01 I s 01 i ^ .' it S i » ''-■- T « », * .*• ? " Jt MANAGEMENT RECOMMENDATIONS AND RESEARCH NEEDS Adult Harlequins show strong fidelity to breeding sites (Bengtson 1972, Kuchel 1977, Dzinbal 1982, Wallen 1987, Reichel and Center 1994). The extent of fidelity to natal areas by adults breeding for the first time is unknovsoi, but is likely to be strong. Colonization of currently unoccupied streams is likely to be a rare event. Harlequins appear sensitive to human o disturbance (Clarkson 1992, Cassirer and Groves 1991). Repeated disturbances may discourage nesting at traditional sites and reduce productivity (Rodrick and Milner 1991). However, proximity to trails and roads does not always correlate with reduced reproductive success. Sixty percent of Harlequin sites were within 50 m of trails on the Rocky Mountain Front (Diamond and Finnegan 1992). In this case, most Harlequin streams are located in roadless or wilderness areas and receive limited human activity prior to or during the nesting period. "»>;/. ■ •>■ Mid-stream loafing sites are important in breeding areas (Cassirer and Groves 1 990). Brood rearing areas in Idaho and Montana west of the Continental Divide typically have a dense shrub or timber/shrub mosaic on the banks (Cassirer and Groves 1989, Gangemi 1991). East of the Divide in Montana stream banks are more open, and most observation sites had banks composed of gravel, grass-forb, or bedrock habitat (Diamond and Finnegan 1992, Markum and Center 1990). Low benthic macroinvertebrate biomass may limit the number and productivity of Harlequins (Bengtson and Ulfstrand 1971, Kuchel 1977). A Harlequin Duck Conservation Strategy is currently being written for the Northern Rocky Mountains and a draft should be available in spring of 1995. It will include management recommendations, monitoring and surveying protocols, and, research priorities. In the interim, we recommend the following management strategies on Harlequin streams: 1) minimize umiecessary human activity along Harlequin Duck nesting streams during late April through August; ■' .r' .; - - ,. -:--), vo'U ;niu;^N;. 2) a stream buffer of > 50 m should be maintained for most activities; roads and trails should be > 100 m from streams and preferably not visible from the streams; 3) major activities (road building, timber harvest, fisheries enhancements, restoration projects, etc.) that are to be undertaken within 300 m of a stream should be done during the period 15 August -1 April; r- ;..■■' :. ■ ^ j.i- .-. ,;y. >.,.♦ ^v^i. v^^ i'rb >, • 4) minor activities within stream buffers (e.g. trail maintenance or reconstruction) should not be preformed during 1 May - 1 5 July; •''"•' ' • ' ' ' - " '■ ' " ' " ' '• '' ' " 5) avoid activities which will change stream runoff patterns or decrease water quality; 6) in any area where major management activities are to take place in potential Harlequin habitat, survey for the preceding two years both for pairs (May) and broods (mid- July to mid- August). If Harlequins are present, develop a monitoring plan for Harlequins during and after the activity is to take place. • •' ' - ,i,- ; Long term research and management needs involve: ""^ ' ■ '" • ' 1) develop a baseline status report of current and historic Harlequin populations in Montana (currently in preparation); ' ' • • = : -^ 2) investigate site fidelity, inter-stream movement, reproduction and mortality to allow estimations and modeling of what constitutes a viable Harlequin population (began in 1992); ,/ ; ^, • ■• < - . ''"i ^^ - •'' ' ■•■ ^ 17 3) determining the primary limiting factors for Harlequin Duck populations in occupied and historic habitat situations in the Northern Rockies; 4) developing standardized surveying and monitoring protocols for occupied and potential Harlequin Duck nesting streams (currently in prep .ration); 5) developing management guidelines for maintaining Harlequin populations and habitat (currently in preparation); and 6) assess the impacts of past and current habitat modification and develop techniques to restore Harlequin populations and habitat. !\ ^rr -,.: v .. ,< > • \ ...n;, * > -',>•, 18 ■,> i 'tl '.ji^/iv^ f- >.■ '>/ '^o' ni >i£tQtls;jh< Jv >*r: : »". ).:--, .ti-inn ^^^"V'5 ";*»?«"-,■?«*■:, J '"5»;t^'.'Wi.iiP' 1* f ,-.;ii.v,li')i'.'"HTi Jfl.'it./! ;:.I'.:'"U)5 btJf- Vi.n »X <: •\, . I,'.. ■ a ; i .-,-- ,,f; - :-;tt ■,.,- :,;c- a:, -.,,«- ''^t. : ; t?. ' '-' ;,V rj •"' f i. V LITERATURE CITED V ! American Ornithologists' Union. 1983. Check-list of North American birds, 6th edition. Allen Press, Lawrence, Kans. 877 pp. Ashley, J. 1992. A summary of documented harlequin duck observations in Glacier National Park, 1874-1992. Unpubl. Report, Glacier Natl. Park, West Glacier, Mont. 19 pp. Ashley, J. 1994a. 1992-93 Harlequin duck monitoring and inventory results in Glacier National Park, Montana. Unpubl. Report, Glacier Natl Park, West Glacier, Montana. 57 pp. Ashley, J. 1 994b. Progress report: Harlequin duck inventory and monitoring in Glacier National Park, Montana. Unpubl. Report, Glacier Natl Park, West Glacier, Montana. 14 pp. Bellrose, F. C. 1976. Ducks, geese and swans of North America. Stackpole Books, Harrisburg, Perm. 540 pp. '> v. .. Bengtson, S.A. 1966. Field studies on the harlequin duck in Iceland. Wildfowl Trust Aim. Rep. 17:79-94. Bengtson, S!A. 1972. Breeding ecology of the harlequin duck Histrionicus histrionicus (L.) in Iceland. Omis Scand. 3:1-19. Bengtson, S.A. and S. Ulfstrand. 1971. Food resources and breeding frequency of the harlequin duck, Histrionicus histrionicus, in Iceland. Oikos 22:235-239. ' ■ ■' Carlson, J. C. 1990. Results of harlequin duck {Histrionicus histrionicus) surveys in 1990 on the Flathead National Forest, Montana. Mont. Nat. Heritage Prog., Helena. 32 pp. Cassirer, E. F., A. Breault, P. Clarkson, D.L. Center, R. I. Goudie, B. Hunt, S. C. Latta, G. H. Mittelhauser, M. McCollough, G. Schirato, and R. L. Wallen. 1993. Status of harlequin ducks {Histrionicus histrionicus) in North America. Report of the Harlequin Duck Working Group. 83 pp. Cassirer, E. F. and C. R. Groves. 1989. Breeding ecology of harlequin ducks {Histrionicus "^ histrionicus) on the Kaniksu National Forest, Idaho. Idaho Dept. Fish Game, Nongame Endangered Wildl. Prog. 48 pp. Cassirer, E. F. and C. R. Groves. 1990. Distribution, habitat use, and status of harlequin ducks in northern Idaho, 1990. Idaho Dept. Fish Game, Nongame Endangered Wildl. Prog. 54 pp. Cassirer, E. F. and C. R. Groves. 1991. Harlequin duck ecology in Idaho: 1987-1990. Idaho Dept. Fish Game, Nongame Endangered Wildl. Prog. 93 pp. 19 Clarkson, P. 1992. A preliminary investigation into the status and distribution of harlequin ducks in Jasper National Park. Unpubl. Tech. Rep. Heritage Resource Conservation, Jasper National Park. 65 pp. Diamond, S. and P. Finnegan. 1992. Harlequin duck ecology on Montana's Rocky Mountain Front. USDA, Lewis and Clark Natl. For., Rocky Mountain Ranger Dist., Choteau, MT. 45 pp. Diamond, S. and P. Finnegan. 1993. Harlequin duck ecology on Montana's Rocky Mountain Front. USDA, Lewis and Clark Natl. For., Rocky Mountain Ranger Dist., Choteau, MT. 73 pp. Dzinbal, K. A. 1982. Ecology of harlequin ducks in Prince William Sound, Alaska during summer. Unpubl. M.S. Thesis, Ore. State Univ., Corvallis. 89 pp. Fairman, L. and G. Miller. 1990. Results of the 1990 survey for harlequin ducks (Histrionicus histrionicus) on the Kootenai National Forest, Montana and parts of the Lolo National Forest, Montana. Mont. Nat. Heritage Prog., Helena. 41 pp. Gangemi, J. T. 1991 . Results of harlequin duck {Histrionicus histrionicus) surveys on the non- wilderness portion of the Flathead National Forest, Montana. Mont. Nat. Heritage Prog., Helena. 29 pp. Genter, D.L. 1993. Harlequin duck status report 1992: Montana, pp.3 1-34 in E. F. Cassirer et. al. Status of harlequin ducks {Histrionicus histrionicus) in North America. Report of the Harlequin Duck Working Group. 83 pp. Goudie, R. I. 1993. Harlequin duck status report: eastern Canada, pp 65-74 in E. F. Cassirer et. al. Status of harlequin ducks {Histrionicus histrionicus) in North America. Report of the Harlequin Duck Working Group. 83 pp. Kerr, R. 1989. Field survey summary report of the harlequin duck {Histrionicus histrionicus) of the Kootenai National Forest, Montana. Unpubl. Rep. 10 pp. Kuchel, C. R. 1977. Some aspects of the behavior and ecology of harlequin ducks breeding in Glacier National Park, Montana. M.S. Thesis, Univ. Mont., Missoula. 156 pp. Markum, D. and D. L. Genter. 1990. Preliminary report on the distribution and status of the harlequin duck {Histrionicus histrionicus) on the Gallatin National Forest, Montana. Montana Natural Heritage Program. Helena. Unpubl. Rep. 22 pp. Miller, V. E. 1988. Harlequin duck {Histrionicus histrionicus): 1988 results of field surveys in west-central, Montana. Unpubl. rep. 13 pp. 20 Miller, V. E. 1989. 1989 field survey report: harlequin duck {Histrionicus histrionicus). Lower Clark Fork River drainage, west-central, Montana. Unpubl. rep. on file Mont. Nat. Heritage Prog., Helena. 48+ pp. Moseley, R. and C. Groves. 1990. Rare, threatened and endangered plants and animals of Idaho. Unpubl. Rep., Nat. Heritage Sect., Nongame and Endangered Wildl. Prog., Idaho Dept. Fish Game, Boise. 33 pp. Reel, S., L. Schassberger, and W. Ruediger. 1989. Caring for our natural community: Region 1 - Threatened, Endangered & Sensitive Species Program. USDA, For. Serv. N. Region, Missoula, MT. 309 pp. + appendices Reichel, J. D. and D. L. Center. 1993. Harlequin duck surveys in western Montana: 1992. Montana Natural Heritage Program, Helena. 67 pp. Reichel, J. D. and D. L. Center. 1994. Harlequin duck surveys in western Montana: 1993. Montana Natural Heritage Program, Helena. 87 pp. Rodrick, E. and R. Milner. 1991. Management recommendations for Washington's priority habitats and species. Wash. Dept. Wildl., Olympia. U.S. Department of Interior. 1991. Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Animal Candidate Review for Listing as Endangered or Threatened Species, Notice of Review. Federal Register 56 (225):58804-58836. Wallen, R. L. 1987. Habitat utilization by harlequin ducks in Grand Teton National Park. Unpubl. M.S. Thesis, Mont. State Univ., Bozeman. 67 pp. 21 .1 i. !^^,.'/ -1 'oi; / ' . ■ .< ' .Alia I . ■- J ' APPENDICES jt ;.!, Vj 22 o u Q C •H 0) o (U >, (U > CQ CO e to Q) U u C/1 X •H 0) a < u CQ c •H D^ 0) Id rH (0 izJi IT) n 0) Q 4J C 0) E D 0) E (U c/3 O bi O •H -H ci 0) ■u o o OJ '3' rH ro >^ CN rH rH '"'■-' H rH H CN H iH rH rH gtOfCi-Df^nji-^fDnJrr) < 2 S S S S I (Ti CTi 00 (T( OS s H 00 m a "^•"^CNCNtncNVOnCNVO CO sT CN O 4J O ca CN (U CO CN n CO 3:"" CN a: m o 4-) CO s o ro Eh IT) CN CN CN CtJ CO - S (^ LD m CN E-" CN ro CO CN CO s — ro H ro ro Cd CO S s" un CN CN ro Eh Di o 4J CN CN ro cd CO ro CO 3:"" CN ro a; CN S CO m in H — CO ^ - CO en - CN CN * ro S CN Eh o 4J « CN ro ro H Eh CkJ CO S rH LT) rH CN CO O H CO o 00 CN CO LD CN Eh o ro CO CN Eh 0 4-) CO CO CO o ro CN OSS 4-1 in ro (N ro ^ Eh a; Eh rH rH — ' CO 0) 0) u CD ■H CQ QJ CN ^H U (IS Oi Oi D M u c o ro Eh 4J U m 2 CO o 4J CN ro CO S CN ro a; LTI CN Eh ro ro ai -^ (N Eh o CO S CN rH ro Qi Oi CN CO ro O 4J CN CN Eh CO 3:"" ^ CN 0) ro ro ft; CN Eh U U CN Eh OS (U C 0) O U -H U rH rH a -H e e S (U CO > o s CN H ei CO s s" in in CN CN H ft; O Z w [^ ro ^ Eh rH ^ CO rH (U ro U Oi U s" e ^ (0 CN S Eh cn •H o (d O •H ■U (d m c 0) x; 4-1 l*H o w o CQ Vh o ^ •« H »H (U > •H fti 4J o o O CQ 9> (N S ^ o CN CO 00 cc; (1) ^D CN H 3 Id ro o CN CO S^ CN H O 4J CN m HH S CO ^ 00 u ft; sT (0 > CN 0) (0 h4 a 0) u o h H « o -H ■u Id o OS c^ 4J O O M 0) u u 3 4J c o s CQ >H O 4-) ^H O 2 1^ •d in H CN H CO ^4 rH Q) ftj > - Oi vx> O 4-) J4 O H to ro CO o rH o; ro CI '.- .- a> i ' I' - > >* C^} %.■ -_^ I •a> ^ /f' 1"- ■ v. ■'■ ■i > 0} (0 E m (U CO 4J c o o (U rH (0 CO c ■H cr 0) rH u m w P rH ro ^ CO CX3 O CO CN H (U <^ CN >. >i >i Cn (0 (13 fO 3 s s s < ro o CN H ^ W 01 ,_^ sT r- ro H (N CO Pi 0 S JJ LD ro CN m LD LD LD CO Eh CO CO CO •^ ^ ^ S 0 s s S^ m J-) CN CN •^f CN CN CN CN »i m cd a: Di CO 4J - s" Z s" a s 'I' sT rH H o •5j» n ro n n h m Eh CN Eh Eh 0 H o; b -^ 0 ~ 0 0 4J s JJ JJ 0) V-l m 4J 0) C^ m ■51< o (d > H Eh CN- n 4J •H CO CO CO 01 Pi ., ^ S ^^ s sT M ^ •5j< 0) n CN 0) 0) CN 0) CN CN ■U 4-) CtJ ^ oi Pi 14 fO *. U ^ E » 3 s s z" (0 rH rH "a* -u m n 0) rH rH n 4H ro n -H W -H 4-) CO Eh ■rH 3 CO Eh Eh in U) ^ <— ^ . V •k ^ r- rH u) % *» •h ^ , d 1-3 >. , (U >t 1 S 0) d ITS nj c; < m C a (C ^ m en d Cn >i rt: 2 ro 2 3 s 3 3 s CN s d 3 d fO rM ^ ro »^ •^ » < ^o < s. CN r~ p 0^ 1 U) ro H r- 1 CN CN H ro CN CN O CN CO rH CN CO o CN Pi CO H ro CN CO H Pi CN CN r^ H CO in H Pi vo 0> H CQ s H Pi z" CN in cn vo ro CO sT CN CN rH OI CO rH Pi vo CN CN CO CO s ro H Pi rt> CN CN in Eh Pi ro Eh S CN ro .-^ Eh CN CO rH ^ o CN Eh Eh 1^ o H r> 0 vo S 0 CN CN ro CM ro CN 0 H 4-1 ro r- S 4J Eh CN CO CO 0 0 CO CO 4J 0 CO CO ro CN CO «. «. 4.) 4J •« 4J ^ r^ Eh CN CN 0 S S 0 s O S ro sT Pi CN 4-) 0 o o U3 CTl 4-1 o CN '^ in CO [- 0 CO 4J CN CN CN CN CN CO H T-i H 4J a ^ Pi Pi CO CO CO Pi » CO Pi S Pi 1^ s CN ■U O <«. •b 4-) CN in 4-) Eh 4-) Pi z Eh S a •. r^j ro s Eh CN 2 ON a :z S S Eh Eh ■* U3 Eh CN rH ^ CO CN 0 ro ro ro ~^^ -^ ro ro ~-^ CN M ro r- vo M Eh -H ro ro ro Eh CO C CO 0) CO ro CO U a i-' CO CO M M > 0 M (U Eh U to —' » « OJ 0) s e nl sT >H sT s" !h Z S S (U (U M H r-\ 0) ro u u> ro C 0) ^ H H ^ in 0) CN (0 CQ rH H M CN -H > tJ S 'Z j:: u s S 0) 0 ^ rH 4J in •H VD rH 1J3 U QJ iJ ro ro -V >irH ro 4J 4-) CN l-i CN •H ro QJ iJ RJ en ro ro c c 05 Eh 4J 0 Eh •-< Eh nJ Eh a •H rH ■H Eh H 3 m 0 -H a 3 ^H a x: b CQ CQ u U J CO CO Eh :d S »u •■■: r- ; -• U f •;/ ' 1 ?:o ■■■■ V Appendix B. Miscellaneous reports of Harlequin Ducks during 1994 and reports for prior years received during 1994 v ■ ■ .i 3 V • 25 xitVil»C ON 00 > O Vi 1^^ o I c o i2 < o jC ■o > Q 00 3 o a c JS o T3 > '53 o CQ V] 13 . U > ,o * si S^ OS i u O 4 u c CO > c 1 c ^ < o i u a> U e c u u o ^ u > ea U 2 03 (U > z <" 2i u C/5 > < c o Q E o X < i2 i 2 i 0 > c (A t ?, 'it ■_- t r!' p ?: i- r*? ' *" V IV c. >— - ^ "3 is. v. F V P "■ ■ -■ ■'"i..>S Appendix C. Data forms ;;.->».•-•■ 1 > -i&d ;> • bf-ieH'^ Harlequin Duck Survey Form. Date Time _of Surveyor(s)_ (Start/Finish) Stream Include map with exact area(s) surveyed on back of this page Weather (Temp., wind dir & speed, cloud cover, precip last 24 hrs) Accessibility? _____^_^ Group # (Put on map) Sexes & Ages_ Marked? Accessibility?_ # Individuals Group # (Put on map) Sexes & Ages_ Marked? Accessibility?_ # Individuals Group # (Put on map) Sexes & Ages Marked? Accessibility?_ NOTES: # Individuals 28 .f 1^ /3V!ir; ... '..T -vv.,-: !rif! .:!•■• r; .X, -W'- Ui:-:'.' .D:«0? ..,- . e jrv. ^uf :iiuL. •'■i:.,! ■-f" ^> Djfi' lyjiiii^ Harlequin Duck Banding Form. Date Location Sex Age T N, R W, Section Nasal Saddles Color Bands Band# Lft Rt Lt Rt Weight Wing chord Tail Tarsus Molt Notes (with other ducks? marked, sex, age? etc.) I M t M I H I It + M I I I +-l-H-t-+++++++ M I H I I It I I I M I I M M M I M I I I I I M I I I Date Location Sex Age T N, R W, Section Nasal Saddles Color Bands Band # Lft Rt Lt Rt Weight Wing chord Tail Tarsus Molt Notes (with other ducks? marked, sex, age? etc.) M I I M M I M I I I t I M I I l+-t-H-+l I I I I I M I I I I M I M M I I I I I I I M I M t I I I ) I M Date Location Sex Age T N, R W, Section Nasal Saddles Color Bands Band # Lft Rt Lt Rt Weight Wing chord Tail Tarsus Molt Notes (with other ducks? marked, sex, age? etc.) M t I M I I M M I I t I I ++-H-4-4-t-H-+ I I I I I I M I I I I I I I I I M I M I I I I t t M I M t t M t NOTES: 29 cf vJft'J SjTSt .'.' ■■v., ,-, ■ ,^*!r - - • - -rr - -^ -+-,-)- "^ ii.i .■ ,t.^;hv!j. *Mi!-,';c-^ iv'"' sn-A' -t fi>4;< i.i;0^ Appendix D. List of Harlequin Ducks marked in 1994 or marked in previous years and sighted in 1994. 32 Marten Creek Harlequin Duck marking sites USGS quad: Bloom Peak & Noxon Appendix D. List of Harlequin Ducks marked in 1994 or marked in previous years and sighted in 1994. Harlequin Duck marking outside Glacier National Park utilizing nasal discs and USFWS bands. C = Circle red = red yel = yellow T = Triangle grn = green blk = black S = Square blu = blue wht = white ora = orange Marten Creek. Kootenai National Forest. Sanders Co.. MT Nasal Discs Site USFWS Band tt l^tt IzlghL 1) 4 May 94 ** Adult Female 755-76011 T-yel T-grn marked 4 Aug 92 with 4 juveniles; paired with unmarked male ** Adult Male 755-76076 C-grn S-ora marked 26 May 93 with one unmarked male 2) 4 May 94 ** Adult Male ? T-yel ? (probably 765-27558 seen later at site 4) 3) 4 May 94 ** Adult Female 755-76095 S-ora T-yel (caught 29 Jul 93 with brood of 4 chicks) 4) 4 May 94 ** Adult Male 765-27558 T-yel T-yel (caught 29 May 91 with adult male 765-27557) Adult Male 775-38624 C-blu C-grn ** Adult Female 755-76074 C-grn C-whi (marked 26 May 93 with adult male 755-76078) Adult Male 925-09302 C-blu T-yel ** Adult Female 765-27556 T-blk T-blk (caught 15 May 91 with adult male 765-27555; had brood of 4 chicks 5 Aug 92) . 5) 4 May 94 33 r .,,':^/ ^^■■., '»". ' S' o J - -I U v. Adult Female 925-09303 C-blu S-blu Adult Male 925-09304 C-blu S-blu 6) 4 May 94 • !, ** Adult Male 765-27560 S-ora S-ora ^: (caught with adult female 755-76018 on 30 May 91) 7) 4 May 94 \ ** Adult Male 755-76076 C-grn S-ora ' (with unmarked male; caught 26 May 93 with unmarked male) ' : : i .■: Vermilion River Harlequin Duck marking sites USGS quad: Seven Point Mountain Appendix D (cont.) Harlequin Duck marking outside Glacier National Park utilizing nasal discs and USFWS bands. C = Circle red = red yel = yellow .- T = Triangle grn = green blk = black . .1 S = Square blu = blue wht = white ora = orange Vermilion River. Kootenai National Forest. Sanders Co.. MT 1) 3 May 94 ** Adult Female 755-76079 S-ora C-grn with unmarked male; caught 2 8 July 93 with 4 young 2 9 July 94 Juvenile 925- -09311 T-yel C-red Juvenile 925- -09312 T-blk C-red Juvenile 925- -09313 S-grn C-red Juvenile 925- -09314 C-blu C-whi Juvenile 925- -09315 C-whi C-blu ** Adult Female 755- -76079 S-ora C-grn originally caught 28 July 93 with 4 young 1 3« Rock Creek Harlequin Duck marking sites USGS quad: Elephant Peak & Noxon Rapids Dam Appendix D (cont.) Harlequin Duck marking outside Glacier National Park utilizing nasal discs- and USFWS bands. C = Circle red = red T = Triangle grn = green . ;■ S = Square blu = blue ■ , >- .■ "" : « yel = yellow blk = black ■ .. '* | wht = white ,' , ? era = orange '. Rock Creek. Kootenai National Forest. Sanders Co. . MT 1) 5 May 94 i ** Adult Female 755-76097 T-yel S-ora with unmarked male; marked 31 July 93 with 4 young 2) 5 May 94 Adult Female 925-09305 S-blu C-grn Adult Male 925-09306 S-blu C-grn 3) 5 May 94 Adult Male 925-09307 T-yel C-grn 4) 5 May 94 ' < Adult Male 925-09308 S-blu C-whi | Adult Female 925-09309 S-blu C-whi ! 36 Grave Creek Harlequin marking sites USGS quad: Stahl Peak Appendix D (cont.) j Harlequin Duck marking outside Glacier National Park utilizing nasal discs .and USFWS bands. C = Circle red = red !• T = Triangle grn = green _ - i S = Square blu = blue ' |' yel = yellow -' 'i blk = black ^ wht = white , ;,,• • • - l ora = orange I i Grave Creek. Kootenai National Forest. Lincoln Co.. MT \ 1) 31 July 94 Juvenile 925-09316 C-red T-grn \ Juvenile 925-09317 Adult Female 925-09318 C-Qrn C-blu "^ Juvenile 925-09319 Juvenile 925-09320 2) 1 Aug 1994 ** Juvenile 925-09319 no discs sighting of bird marked 31 July 94 C-red T-grn C-blu C-red C-grn C-blu no discs T-grn C-red 39 Trail Creek Harlequin Duck marking sites USGS quad: Trailcreek & Mount Hefty Appendix D (cont.) Harlequin Duck marking outside Glacier National Park utilizing nasal discs and USFWS bands. C = Circle red = red .' ' yel = yellow T = Triangle grn = green . blk = black S = Square blu = blue - ;^ . '' wht = white ora = orange . ' Trail Creek. Flathead National Forest. Flathead Co.. MT Nasal Disks ' ' . 'J* Site USFWS Band # left right ■ ' ' ^i 1) 9 May 94 ,^ .; ** Adult Male 755-76073 S-blu S-blu ' '•'- originally marked 9 May 93 with adult female 765-27566 2) 9 May 94 " ■ « ** Adult Male 765-27563 ' C-blu C-blu * originally marked 10 June 92 with adult female 765-27564 and seen again with her on 9 May 93 '" 'f 3) 1 Aug 94 ■ ,| Adult Female 925-09321 i C-whi S-blu }, 4) 1 Aug 94 Juvenile 925-09322 ' S-ora C-red ^ Juvenile 925-09323 Juvenile 925-09324 ** Adult Female 755-76046 originally captured as a juvenile 12 Aug 92 S-ora C-red S-grn C-whi C-whi S-grn S-red S-grn 40 Spotted Bear River Harlequin Duck marking site USGS quad: Whitcomb Peak Appendix D (cont.) Harlequin Duck marking outside Glacier National Park utilizing nasal discs and USFWS bands. C = Circle ", red = red . - T = Triangle grn = green ■ ^ ^ f ' S = Square - blu = blue ' ^ --- '-, ' yel = yellow - • j ■ -■-, blk = black - > wht = white j < ora = orange " " • Spotted Bear River. Flathead National Forest. Flathead Co.. MT 1) 6 Aug 94 ' ■ \ ** Adult Female ???? C-red ?? marked in 1992, either an adult female or 1 of 7 juveniles 41 Sullivan Creek Harlequin Duck marking site USGS cjuad: Quintonkon Appendix D (cont.) Harlequin Duck marking outside Glacier National Park utilizing nasal discs and USFWS bands. C = Circle red = red ^.-__ i T = Triangle grn = green S = Square blu = blue --. -., .^. . 0 = Oval yel = yellow " >■ Y = Wishbone blk = black wht = white . •• ■ . ■ ' . ora = orange •. ..^...■, V Sullivan Creek. Flathead National Forest. Flathead ■■ 1 Co., MT * 1) 5 Aug 94 \ Juvenile 925-09327 S-red C-blu Juvenile 925-09328 S-grn S-blu Juvenile 925-09329 S-blu C-grn t Juvenile 925-09330 C-whi T-blk Juvenile 925-09331 C-grn 0-yel .•>> Juvenile 925-09332 0-yel C-grn "'^ :. part of 2 broods of 5 and 7; 2 adult females were ali present 42 Glacier National Park Harlequin Duck marking sites USGS quad: Mount Cannon Appendix D (cont.) Colored Leg Bands used in Glacier National Park p = pink (pink/USFWS for 1992 & 1993 r = red g = green w = white b = blue o = orange y = yellow s = silver (FWS band) Qllaci^r National P^rk Plastic leg bands Site USFWS Band # left right 1) 24 May 94 Adult Male 925-09310 o/s o/b ** Adult Female 755-76051 o/s o/b marked 10 Aug 92 with 2 young 2) 4 Aug 94 Adult Female 925-09325 y/s y/b Adult Female 925-09326 y/s g/y ** Adult Female 755-76022 o/b p/s originally marked 10 Aug 92 as juvenile ** Adult Female 755-76023 p/s originally marked 10 Aug 92 as juvenile ** Adult Female 755-76060 o/b p/s originally marked 6 May 93 with adult male (one additional adult female not captured) 19 Aug 94 Juvenile Male 925-09333 o/s o/p-32 ^3 "«*-*'«w.'r,ta!((- , XC- . . .,. ^\ t'- -■ ^ Appendix E. Element Occurrence Records from 1994 Surveys '^s 44 .Uji?> h£teqa aA MONTANA NATURAL HERITAGE PROGRAM Element Occurrence Record Scientific Name: HISTRIONICUS HISTRIONICUS Common Name: HARLEQUIN DUCK Global rank: G4 Forest Service status: SENSITIVE State rank: S2B,SZN Federal Status: C2 Element occurrence code: ABNJB15010 . 005 Element occurrence type : Survey site name: ROCK CREEK (NOXON) EO rank : D EO rank comments: 2 PAIRS PRESENT IN 1993, FEWER IN PREVIOUS YEARS. 3-4 OTHER STREAMS WITHIN 20 KM WITH TOTAL OF 9-12 PAIRS; ACCESS DIFFICULT, NO BOATING AND LITTLE FISHING. County : SANDERS USGS quadrangle: NOXON RAPIDS DAM ELEPHANT PEAK Township: Range: Section: TRS comments: 026N 032W 27 15,22 Precision Survey date First observation Last observation M i , V '■ . - , : ; , Elevation: 2400 - 2680 1986 ■ Slope/aspect: 1994-07-28 Size (acres) : 0 Location: ... - ABOUT 1.5 AIR MILES NE OF NOXON RAPIDS DAM, WHERE FOREST SERVICE ROAD #150 FIRST INTERSECTS ROCK CREEK. Element occurrence data : SPORADIC SIGHTINGS SINCE 1986; PROBABLY 1 OR 2 BROODS GENERALLY PRODUCED EACH YEAR. (SPECIFIC OBSERVATION DATA ON FILE AT MTNHP . ) General site description: A CA. 3 MILE STRETCH OF MOUNTAIN STREAM, EXTENDING UPSTREAM FROM MAPPED LOCATION. Land owner /manager : KOOTENAI NATIONAL FOREST, CABINET RANGER DISTRICT PRIVATELY OWNED LAND (INDIVIDUAL OR CORPORATE) Comments : FISH TRAP PLACED BY MONTANA DEPARTMENT OF FISH, WILDLIFE AND PARKS. Information source: :- • ■,.•.. ; i' -...-. . • Specimens : 4S J r-.-r ■ ' - •u.- <■ ». ■ ■-:-;:-.•■■■ •i'-" i ■■V '.t-'-r;^ ■.'AS ■Jf.h MONTANA NATURAL HERITAGE PROGRAM Element Occurrence Record Scientific Name: HISTRIONICUS HISTRIONICUS Common Name: HARLEQUIN DUCK Global rank: State rank: G4 Forest Service status: SENSITIVE S2B,SZN Federal Status: C2 Element occurrence code : Element occurrence type : ABNJB15010.006 Survey site name: EO rank: EO rank comments : MARTEN CREEK C/B 5 PAIRS PRESENT IN 1993, FEWER IN PREVIOUS YEARS. 3-4 OTHER STREAMS WITHIN 2 0 KM WITH WITH TOTAL OF 9-12 PAIRS; NO BOATING, LITTLE FISHING. County: SANDERS USGS quadrangle : NOXON BLOOM PEAK Township: Range: Section: TRS comments: 025N 032W 32 ADDITIONAL SECTIONS Precision: M Survey date : First observation: 1986 Last observation: 1993-07-29 Elevation: 2330 Slope/aspect: Size (acres) : 0 2850 Location: THE SOUTH AND NORTH FORKS OF MARTEN CREEK ARE ON THE WEST SIDE OF NOXON RESERVOIR, CA. 8 MILES NW OF TROUT CREEK. Element occurrence data: GENERALLY 2 TO 4 PAIRS BREED. (SPECIFIC OBSERVATION DATA ON FILE AT MTNHP . ) General site description: MOUTH OF MARTEN CREEK IS MAPPED. THIS EO INCLUDES THE NORTH BRANCH (CA. 5 MILES) AND SOUTH BRANCH (CA. 1.5 MILES) AS CONTIGUOUS HABITAT. Land owner/manager: KOOTENAI NATIONAL FOREST, CABINET RANGER DISTRICT PRIVATELY OWNED LAND (INDIVIDUAL OR CORPORATE) .ft Comments : , - Information source: REICHEL, JAMES D. [ZOOLOGIST] MONTANA NATURAL HERITAGE PROGRAM, 1515 EAST SIXTH AVENUE, P.O. BOX 201800, HELENA, MT 59620-1800. WORK: (406) 444-3009. Specimens : 46 aH ..<■•.-■-• J. ■ . :^f 'r--V''. -'.I crVAVJu: '■..Hi.-: l.^ c : 'ft. "■V: , .! •■ ; -e P '>.a-V.A- ^ : ; .1 ' .. ■•' •. V;: , IV !•?»< w ■ , \ i' > j;jr MONTANA NATURAL HERITAGE PROGRAM Element Occurrence Record Scientific Name: HISTRIONICUS HISTR'ONICUS Common Name: HARLEQUIN DUCK Global rank: 04 Forest Service status: SENSITIVE State rank: S2B,SZN Federal Status: C2 Element occurrence code: ABNJB15010. 008 Element occurrence type : Survey site name: VERMILION RIVER EO rank: D/C EO rank comments: 3 PAIRS PRESENT IN 1993, FEWER IN PREVIOUS YEARS. 3-4 OTHER STREAMS 47 j!-:ah *., MONTANA NATURAL HERITAGE PROGRAM Element Occurrence Record County: SANDERS USGS quadrangle ; TROUT CREEK SEVEN POINT MOUNTAIN VERMILLION PEAK MILLER LAKE Township: Range: Section: TRS comments: 024N 031W 12 SW4 Precision Survey date First observation Last observation M 1988 1994-07-30 Elevation: 2340 Slope/aspect : Size (acres) : 0 3400 Location: FROM TROUT CREEK GO NORTH 1.5 MILES ON SR 200, RIGHT 5 MILES ON THE BLUE SLIDE ROAD, THEN LEFT 2 MILES UP THE VERMILLION RIVER ROAD. Element occurrence data: 1988: HEN WITH 3 YOUNG OBSERVED. 1989: 2 FEMALES WITH BROODS OBSERVED, ONE IN MAPPED LOCATION, ONE IN T24N,R30W,8 (SEVERAL MILES UPSTREAM) . 1992: OBSERVED SINGLE MALE [T24N, R30W, 2] AND SINGLE FEMALE [T24N,R30W,7] ; MALE WAS MARKED. ,; .; .,, .> ' './.>.^ : ■■ ■.. ! 'V = - ^• ;■ General site description: A CA. 10 MILE STREAM SEGMENT, FROM VERMILLION BAY TO VERMILLION FALLS. Land owner/manager: KOOTENAI NATIONAL FOREST, CABINET RANGER DISTRICT PRIVATELY OWNED LAND (INDIVIDUAL OR CORPORATE) CORPORATE TIMBERLANDS Comments: PLACER MINING IN AREA. EXTENT OF OCCUPIED BREEDING HABITAT UNKNOWN. Information source: Specimens : 48 I 'V ■/'■ X. • i4-K :, i r ='.j' r.ol MONTANA NATURAL HERITAGE PROGRAM Element Occurrence Record Scientific Name: HISTRIONICUS HISTRIONICUS Common Name: HARLEQUIN DUCK Global rank: G4 Forest Service status: SENSITIVE State rank: S2B,SZN Federal Status: C2 Element occurrence code: ABNJB15010. Oil Element occurrence type : Survey site name: SWAMP CREEK EO rank: D EO rank comments: 1-2 PAIRS PRESENT. 3-4 OTHER STREAMS WITHIN 20 KM WITH WITH TOTAL OF 9-12 PAIRS; NO BOATING, LITTLE FISHING; DIFFICULT ACCESS. County : SANDERS USGS quadrangle: GOAT PEAK NOXON RAPIDS DAM Township: Range: Section: TRS comments: 025N 031W 16 W2; 4,9,17,19,20 Precision: M Survey date : First Dservation: 1989 Last observation: 1993-08-02 Elevation: 2700 Slope/aspect: Size (acres) : 0 Location: FROM SR 200 JUST NORTH OF CABINET RANGER STATION, TAKE COUNTY ROAD AND FS ROAD #1119 NORTH TO SWAMP CREEK TRAILHEAD; THEN WALK UPSTREAM CA. 0.5 MILE. Element occurrence data: SPORADIC SIGHTINGS SINCE 1989; PROBABLY 1 OR 2 BROODS GENERALLY PRODUCED EACH YEAR. (SPECIFIC OBSERVATION DATA ON FILE AT MTNHP . ) General site description: ^' STREAM REACH WITH NESTING/REARING HABITAT; EXTENDS CA. UPSTREAM FROM LOCATION MAPPED. 4 MILES Land owner /manager : KOOTENAI NATIONAL FOREST, CABINET RANGER DISTRICT Comments : NONE. Information source : Specimens : MILLER, V. E. 1989. FIELD SURVEY REPORT, HARLEQUIN DUCK (HISTRIONICUS HISTRIONICUS) : LOWER CLARK FORK RIVER DRAINAGE, WEST- CENTRAL MONTANA. UNPUBLISHED. 47 PP. 49 r' ..Mcrrrtin; •I :?C ^/g'i Ti^O^ •A- "f'-i.-'-.n JjCifCil p ' ■ ■t??t:^' '-!(.■ rio^a Oi " 1 . ** 1-'^- \: : - Z' ' .< h ! «■ ^■.■:.A j rvn/j'*? .' <:■<■ ■••I a. , .' li 'i'. '.t --- ■ - ■ , -' L- , •- '' , ■ ,_: --.1. r ' -V, ■■ - ' t MONTANA NATURAL HERITAGE PROGRAM Element Occurrence Record Scientific Name: HISTRIONICUS HISTRIONICUS Common Name: HARLEQUIN DUCK Global rank: G4 Forest Service status: SENSITIVE State rank: S2B,SZN Federal Status: C2 Element occurrence code: ABNJB15010 . 017 Element occurrence type : Survey site name: SULLIVAN CREEK EO rank: D EO rank comments: NO RECORDS OF MORE THAN 1 PAIR PRESENT. SOME FISHING, NO BOATING, AND DIFFICULT ACCESS IN MOST AREAS. County: FLATHEAD ' . . j. " USGS quadrangle: CONNOR CREEK QUINTONKON Township: Range: Section: TRS comments: 026N 016W 31 30 026N 017W 25 11,12,14,24 Precision Survey date First observation Last observation M 1993-08-16 Elevation: 3560 - 4150 1990 Slope/aspect: 1994-08-05 Size (acres): Location: CA. 6 MILES UP FS ROAD #54 7 ALONG SULLIVAN CREEK, ON THE WEST SIDE OF HUNGRY HORSE RESERVOIR. Element occurrence data: 1990: FEMALE AND 4 YOUNG OBSERVED. 1992: 2 UNAGED BIRDS SEEN 8 AUG. General site description: "-•' i'i •:_», ■' "'If v.^ ■■: , CA. 8 MILE STREAM SEGMENT. Land owne r / manage r : FLATHEAD NATIONAL FOREST, SPOTTED BEAR RANGER DISTRICT Comments : EXTENT OF OCCUPIED BREEDING HABITAT UNKNOWN. NONE SEEN DURING 2 SURVEYS IN 1993. ' '■ •: ^ ' Information source: Specimens: '^■fXK-: ic:-:v''i> ■,:;:■ : ^'■^■• 50 {•'.>i' ^: >;■■■; J '."■i? 0 f • 1 :?■- J. k e' ,1 ' MONTANA NATtmAL HERITAGE PROGRAM Element Occurrence Record Scientific Name: HISTRIONICUS HISTRIONICUS Common Name: HARLEQUIN DUCK Global rank: G4 Forest Service status: SENSITIVE State rank: S2B,SZN Federal Status: C2 Element occurrence code: ABNJB15010. 019 Element occurrence type : Survey site name: TRAIL CREEK ' -^ EO rank : C/B EO rank comments: 4-6 PAIRS PRESENT; NO FISHING OR BOATING; ACCESS MODERATE TO DIFFICULT EXCEPT TO LANDOWNERS BELOW FLATHEAD NF. MAY BE PART OF A LARGER COMPLEX WITH KISHENEHN CREEK EO#28 . DUCKS HAVE ALSO BEEN REPORTED ON RED MEADOW AND WHALE CREEKS WITH 2 0 KM. "■ i 'V County: FLATHEAD - ' ' - USGS quadrangle: TRAILCREEK MOUNT HEFTY Township: Range: Section: TRS comments: 037N 022W 30 SE4NE4 Precision Survey date First observation Last observation M ':.•:'...:*]•>,.■ Elevation: 3800 - 4280 1990 Slope/aspect: 1994-08-01 Size (acres) : Location: TAKE THE NORTH FORK FLATHEAD ROAD PAST POLEBRIDGE TO FS ROAD #114, THEN CA. 3 MILES WEST. Element occurrence data: PROBABLY 2 TO 4 BROODS PRODUCED EACH YEAR. (SPECIFIC OBSERVATION DATA ON FILE AT MTNHP.) General site description: A CA. 7 MILE SEGMENT OF MOUNTAIN STREAM, SECTIONS OF WHICH ARE INTERMITTENT DURING LATE SUMMER. Land owner/manager: FLATHEAD NATIONAL FOREST, GLACIER VIEW RANGER DISTRICT PRIVATELY OWNED LAND (INDIVIDUAL OR CORPORATE) STATE LAND - UNDESIGNATED Comments: EXTENT OF OCCUPIED BREEDING HABITAT UNKNOWN. Information source: Specimens : 51 ,\\ /-. '. :: :Ui...' -e. ■•ir, "'R : ■.■ js ">■=; :ft O/'J '': ". ■ ':) j '• i ■ . " ■ *> t •:.'iOVis \. '!-' ;-;T- j^: -.jr.- vf-.: nai ■:■.!',, -ro TMriTX*! artn^-^'- MONTANA NATURAL HERITAGE PROGRAM Element Occurrence Record Scientific Name: HISTRIONICUS HISTRIONICUS Common Name: HARLEQUIN DUCK Global rank: G4 Forest Service status: SENSITIVE State rank: S2B,SZN Federal Status: C2 Element occurrence code: ABNJB15010 . 020 Element occurrence type: Survey site name: BIG CREEK (KOOCANUSA) EO rank : D EO rank comments: A SINGLE OBSERVATION AT AN ISOLATED SITE. County: LINCOLN USGS quadrangle: PARSNIP MOUNTAIN Township: Range: Section: TRS comments: 034N 030W 04 SE4 Precision: M Survey date: 1993-05-30 Elevation: 3300 First observation: 1990 Slope/aspect: Last observation: 1990-08-21 Size (acres) : Location: FROM THE WEST SIDE OF LAKE KOOCANUSA, TAKE FS ROAD #336 UP BIG CREEK ROAD CA. 2 MILES UP THE SOUTH FORK. Element occurrence data : ONE JUVENILE OBSERVED. "I • : , .\f , ' General site description: Land owner/manager : KOOTENAI NATIONAL FOREST, REXFORD RANGER DISTRICT Comments : SURVEYED IN 1993 FROM 1 . 5 MI ABOVE COPELAND CREEK DOWN TO SR 228; NO DUCKS OBSERVED. Information source: FAIRMAN, L. M. AND V. E. MILLER. 1990. REStn^TS OF 1990 SURVEYS FOR HARLEQUIN DUCKS ON THE KOOTENAI AND LOLO NATIONAL FORESTS, MONTANA. •' •■ - Specimens : I 52 '4 :^ !.•):•: ^, / i . ; - > . I- •V^S/J ?nE ' ri , ,;■ : cj ' .^ i^^- ■ Aj^n*^ ^"' ■/'r: "5' »:f^,<'l?.'; .£'./r'af"!..' ■','::' r ::•«?* -I i > '> - . K ; r^j--:-^ ,^:!-i;OS MONTANA NATURAL HERITAGE PROGRAM Element Occurrence Record Scientific Name: HISTRIONICUS HISTRIONICUS Common Name: HARLEQUIN DUCK Global rank: G4 Forest Service status: SENSITIVE State rank: S2B,SZN Federal Status: C2 Element occurrence code: ABNJB15010. 021 Element occurrence type: Survey site name: NORTH CALLAHAN CREEK EO rank: D EG rank comments: NEVER MORE THAN 1 PAIR SEEN; ISOLATED EO. County: LINCOLN USGS quadrangle: SMITH MOUNTAIN Township: Range: Section: TRS comments: 031N 035W 23 E2 ; 24 E2 Precision Survey date First observation Last observation M 1993-05-28 Elevation: 2850 1990-07-23 Slope/aspect: 1990-08-04 Size (acres) : Location: FROM TROY, TAKE FS ROAD #427 UP CALLAHAN CREEK AND CA. 2 MILES UP ALONG THE NORTH FORK. Element occurrence data : 1990: FEMALE AND 3 JUVENILES OBSERVED 23 JULY; 2 JUVENILES OBSERVED 4 AUGUST . General site description: ' • '''" -^ Land owner/manager: KOOTENAI NATIONAL FOREST, THREE RIVERS RANGER DISTRICT Comments : SURVEYED IN 1993 - CA. 4 MILES OF BOTH FORKS AND 4 MILES BELOW JUNCTION. NO DUCKS OBSERVED. Information source: FAIRMAN, L. M. AND V. E. MILLER. 1990. RESULTS OF 1990' SURVEYS FOR HARLEQUIN DUCKS ON THE KOOTENAI AND LOLO NATIONAL FORESTS, MONTANA. Specimens : 53 ;;a ,:'.;:; -.' :; s'-T "; v: :. I ■'iiCJ^ ;*• *Q v:'~.;: .Tj; ". .5,1. . ■ ■ .' A^H;' " ■-■i ...:'a'v ^ ."ci.,- 1.", ; : >i*i.V' .,H ;-\ . 'i\-'-lil' Vf- .-> • .»-• ■;- ' •! '.I'- , ":"■ ■: Ma/. 'i-tjC .'_r. • >■ ■, " 733 Ti„c MONTANA NATURAL HERITAGE PROGRAM Element Occurrence Record Scientific Name: HISTRIONICUS HISTR-IONICUS Common Name: HARLEQUIN DUCK Global rank: G4 Forest Service status: SENSITIVE State rank: S2B,SZN Federal Status: C2 Element occurrence code: ABNJB15010. 024 Element occurrence type : Survey site name: WHITE RIVER EO rank: C EO rank comments: 3 PAIRS SEEN. MODERATE FISHING, NO BOATING IN BOB MARSHALL WILDERNESS AREA. MAY BE PART OF A LARGER SOUTH FORK FLATHEAD RIVER EO. County: FLATHEAD POWELL USGS quadrangle: HAYSTACK MOUNTAIN Township: Range: Section: TRS comments: 021N 012W 6 SE4SW4 Precision: M Survey date: Elevation: 4700 - 4850 First observation: 1992-07-19 Slope/aspect: -/- Last observation: 1994-07-23 Size (acres) : Location: IN THE BOB MARSHALL WILDERNESS, NEAR THE CONFLUENCE OF WHITE RIVER AND ITS SOUTH FORK, CA. 15 AIR MILES ENE OF BENCHMARK. Element occurrence data : 3 BROODS SIGHTED; 2 (FEMALE +3, FEMALE +1) AT SOUTH END OF CANYON BELOW NEEDLE FALLS AND 1 (FEMALE +2) CA. 0.5 MILE DOWNSTREAM OF CONFLUENCE . General site description: CA. 2 MILE SEGMENT OF MOUNTAIN STREAM. Land owner /manager: r .. .i.- ■ ; x- ; BOB MARSHALL WILDERNESS FLATHEAD NATIONAL FOREST, SPOTTED BEAR RANGER DISTRICT Comments : _ EXTENT OF OCCUPIED BREEDING HABITAT UNKNOWN. Information source: Specimens : 56 -,-.'. A.V..:.. . '-K ..;.::^ .. % il . X !" •;;■■ a. L.-;^ •••i 15 ■ -, •■■.,' «• 0 i: ' . »»r t i "- .UfiC'^ ; .c A>.', .iJ't^l , '^U' i /M* ■»:: juCK:. .■) MONTANA NATURAL HERITAGE PROGRAM Element Occurrence Record Scientific Name: HISTRIONICUS HISTRIONICUS Common Name: HARLEQUIN DUCK Global rank: G4 Forest Service status: SENSITIVE State rank: S2B,SZN Federal Status: C2 Element occurrence code: ABNJB15010 . 029 Element occurrence type : Survey site name: SPOTTED BEAR RIVER EO rank: D EO rank comments: NO RECORDS OF MORE THAN 2 PAIRS PRESENT. SOME FISHING AND BOATING. RELATIVELY EASY ACCESS AFTER THE ROAD OPENS (USUALLY AFTER JULY 1) . MAY BE PART OF A LARGER SOUTH FORK FLATHEAD RIVER EO. County: FLATHEAD USGS quadrangle: WHITCOMB PEAK Township: Range: Section: TRS comments: 025N 014W 14 13 Precision: M Survey date: Elevation: 4050 - 4200 First observation: 1992-08-13 Slope/aspect: -/- Last observation: 1994-08-06 Size (acres) : Location: "' ' "'"- ''■ ' ' "■ ■ ' -' ■ '■■•- FROM HUNGRY HORSE, GO UP EAST SIDE OF RESERVOIR TO SPOTTED BEAR RIVER (CA. 50 MILES) , THEN UP SPOTTED BEAR RIVER TO BEAVER CREEK CAMPGROUND. Element occurrence data : PROBABLY 1 OR 2 BROODS PRODUCED EACH YEAR. (SPECIFIC OBSERVATION DATA ON FILE AT MTNHP . ) General site description: STREAM REACH OF CA. 2 MILES. Land owner/manager: FLATHEAD NATIONAL FOREST, SPOTTED BEAR RANGER DISTRICT Comments : EXTENT OF OCCUPIED BREEDING HABITAT UNKNOWN. NOTE REPORT OF SINGLE FEMALE AT DEAN FALLS, CA. 10 MILES UPSTREAM OF WHITCOMB CREEK, ON 8/4/93. Information source : Specimens : 57 ,,, ., I , ,-p-. t.i.. ■"■A .- -I %o '-...rrxv- r.c i -.t MONTANA NATXmAL HERITAGE PROGRAM Element Occurrence Record Scientific Name: HISTRIONICUS HISTRIONICUS Common Name: HARLEQUIN DUCK Global rank: G4 Forest Service status: SENSITIVE State rank: S2B,SZN Federal Status: 02 Element occurrence code: ABNJB15010 . 033 Element occurrence type : Survey site name: GRAVE CREEK EO rank : EO rank comments : County: LINCOLN USGS quadrangle: STAHL PEAK MOUNT MARS TON Tovmship: Range: Section: TRS comments: 036N 025W 15 1, 11, 12, 14, 22 037N 024W 32 Precision: M Survey date: Elevation: 3600 - 4500 First observation: 1989 Slope/aspect: Last observation: 1994-07-31 Size (acres) : Location: FROM us HIGHWAY 93 SOUTH OF EUREKA, GO UP THE GRAVE CREEK ROAD CA. 10 MILES . Element occurrence data: FEMALE WITH 4 JUVENILES CAPTURED AND BANDED. ADDITIONAL SIGHTINGS OF ADULTS- -ESPECIALLY IN SECTION UPSTREAM FROM BLUE SKY CREEK. General site description: Land owner/manager: KOOTENAI NATIONAL FOREST, FORTINE RANGER DISTRICT Comments : TOTAL EXTENT OF OCCUPIED HABITAT UNKNOWN. Information source: ZOOLOGIST, MONTANA NATURAL HERITAGE PROGRAM, 1515 EAST SIXTH AVENUE, P.O. BOX 210800, HELENA, MT 59620-1800. 406/444-3009. Specimens : 58 ;I-i' • "l .?^i tct: ,. f;:-f t. ^. :v' . 'J /.".-J ft- ■.•*AT, ;a. >i : . f V • •-•• '.ti.- '•.■■'-'.^;■ .!.::"■■> - yvb'..;. iir